The current state of Ukraine’s national economy development was analyzed in comparison with the trends of the world economy; materials on the main raw material bases of domestic factories and their competitiveness was presented; in details there were considered the main branches of human’s productive activity, represented by enterprises of fuel and energy, mining, metallurgy, petroleum, construction, chemical and food industry, technological processes that take place in each of them, the hardware design and the basic theory of chemical processes of production; there also was described interaction with the environment, special attention is paid to the sources of pollution of the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere and the methods and means of controlling harmful emissions